Generator Buying Guide: Essential Tips for Choosing the Right Backup Power Solution

Whether you’re preparing for power outages at home or need reliable energy on camping trips, choosing the right generator is crucial. This guide provides essential tips for selecting the right generator, understanding the types of fuel, power needs, and safety measures.

Types of Generators

1. Home Standby Generators
   • Description: These are hardwired into your home’s electrical system and provide automatic backup power during an outage.
   • Pros: They power the entire house and activate automatically.
   • Cons: Higher installation costs and need professional setup.
2. Portable Generators
   • Description: Can be used in any outdoor space for temporary power. They are perfect for camping or powering a few devices.
   • Pros: Less expensive and portable.
   • Cons: Limited power capacity and require manual setup.
3. Inverter Generators
   • Description: A type of portable generator that adapts to power needs and runs quieter with improved fuel efficiency.
   • Pros: Quiet operation, fuel-efficient.
   • Cons: More expensive than standard portable generators.
4. Solar Generators
   • Description: Use solar panels to charge and power devices, emitting no emissions.
   • Pros: Quiet, eco-friendly.
   • Cons: Limited power output and runtime.

How Much Power Do You Need?

To determine how much power you need, consider what devices you want to run. Here’s an estimate of power usage for common household items:

• Refrigerator: 500-1,000 watts
• Microwave: 700-1,500 watts
• Washing Machine: 500-1,200 watts
• Air Conditioner (window): 400-1,200 watts
• Coffee Maker: 600-1,200 watts

If you’re running a whole house, a 20 kW generator should suffice for most appliances. Smaller portable generators are better for powering a few key devices.

How to Operate a Generator Safely

Generators are powerful but require safety precautions:

• Read the Manual: Familiarize yourself with operation procedures.
• Use Fuel Stabilizer: To prevent fire hazards when storing gas.
• Transfer Switch: Install a transfer switch to safely connect your generator to your home’s electrical system.
• Never Operate in Enclosed Areas: Always use generators outdoors, at least 20 feet away from buildings, to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.
• Keep It Dry: Ensure your generator stays dry during use to avoid electrical shocks.

What Is a Transfer Switch?

A transfer switch allows your generator to connect safely to your home’s circuit panel, switching between grid and generator power. There are automatic and manual transfer switches. Automatic switches are more convenient and come installed in standby generators, while manual ones require manual switching during an outage.

Types of Fuel Used in Generators

Generators run on various fuel sources:

• Gasoline: Most common for portable generators, but has a limited shelf life.
• Propane: Clean-burning and often used in standby models.
• Diesel: Offers long storage life and is commonly used in industrial generators.
• Natural Gas: Used in standby generators and provides unlimited fuel as long as there’s a connection to the home’s gas line.
• Solar: Sustainable and eco-friendly, but typically powers smaller devices.

How Much Should You Spend?

The cost of a generator depends on the type and power needs:

• Standby Generators: Starting around $3,000, installation costs may increase depending on your home’s setup.
• Portable Generators: Range from a couple hundred dollars to $2,500 for larger models.
• Inverter Generators: Generally more expensive but offer quieter and more efficient power.

AC vs DC Generators

• AC (Alternating Current): Common for household appliances, most generators run on AC power.
• DC (Direct Current): Used in battery backups and smaller devices. AC power is required for full home functionality, which may require a converter for DC generators.

Other Key Features to Look for in a Generator

• Automatic CO Shutoff: Shuts the generator off if dangerous carbon monoxide levels are detected.
• Electric Start: Convenient feature to start the generator with a button or remote.
• Low-Oil Shutoff: Automatically shuts off when oil levels are too low, protecting the engine.
• Fuel Gauge: Indicates when the fuel tank is running low, making refueling easier.
• Noise Level: Quieter generators (50-60 decibels) are ideal for residential areas or camping.

Conclusion

Choosing the right generator depends on your specific power needs, budget, and intended use. Whether opting for a home standby generator for full house coverage or a portable generator for mobility, make sure to consider factors like power output, fuel type, and safety features before making your purchase.