The Ultimate Guide to Lock Grading

Entry door locks are an essential aspect of home security. They need to be weather-resistant, function smoothly for hundreds of thousands of operations, and withstand potential attacks from intruders. While many homeowners understand the importance of having a reliable lock on their doors, they may not fully grasp the differences between various levels of security offered by different lock grades. This guide will help explain the different lock grades, allowing homeowners to make a well-informed decision.

What Are Lock Grades?

Locks are assigned grades based on a series of rigorous tests that assess their durability, resistance to force, and overall security. These tests are developed by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), which sets the criteria for how many times a lock must be operated before showing signs of wear, how many times it can withstand being struck with force, and how much pressure it can handle before failure.

In addition to ANSI, the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association (BHMA) plays a crucial role. It is the only organization accredited by ANSI to develop and maintain performance standards for locks and other door hardware.

During testing, locks are classified into one of three grades: Grade 1, Grade 2, or Grade 3. Grade 3 locks are the least secure, typically used for residential doors, while Grade 2 and Grade 1 locks are designed for greater security, making them suitable for commercial use. However, it’s important to note that ANSI and BHMA don’t specifically label locks as residential or commercial; they simply assign grades based on security levels.

Lock Grade Tests

To understand how locks are graded, it’s helpful to look at the specific tests they undergo:

• Cycles: This test measures how many times the lock can be operated (opened and closed) before it shows signs of wear.
• Vertical Load: This test simulates an attempt to knock the lock off the door and measures the lock’s strength under pressure.
• Impact: This test simulates an attempt to break through the door by kicking it, applying direct force to the lock.
• Torque: This test checks how well the lock knob or lever can withstand rotational force when the lock is engaged.
• Latch Bolt: This test involves pushing on the door to see how much force the latch can handle before failing.

It’s important to note that these tests are conducted under controlled conditions in labs, where the doors and jambs used are consistent for every lock tested, ensuring that only the locks themselves are the variable.

Lock Grades, Explained

Understanding how lock grades are determined helps homeowners and business owners make the right choice for their doors. Here’s a breakdown of the different lock grades, listed from the least to most secure:

Non-Graded: Least Secure

Not all locks are graded. Many locks available in stores are non-graded, typically intended for non-security applications like bathrooms or bedrooms. These locks may still be tested by reputable manufacturers, but since they aren’t graded, they should not be relied upon for security.

Grade 3: Secure

Grade 3 locks are the least secure of the graded locks but still undergo a battery of tests to ensure they’re safe for general use. Here are the test standards Grade 3 locks must meet:

• Cycle Test: 200,000 cycles
• Vertical Load: 150 pounds
• Torque Test (Locked):
  • Knob: 120 pounds per foot
  • Lever: 225 pounds per foot
• Impact: 2 blows with 60 pounds
• Latch Bolt Strength: 600 pounds

Grade 2: More Secure

Grade 2 locks offer increased durability and security compared to Grade 3. They’re suitable for residential use but also light-duty commercial applications. These locks must meet the following standards:

• Cycle Test: 400,000 cycles
• Vertical Load: 250 pounds
• Torque Test (Locked):
  • Knob: 150 pounds per foot
  • Lever: 450 pounds per foot
• Impact: 2 blows at 60 or 90 pounds
• Latch Bolt Strength: 600 pounds

Grade 1: Most Secure

Grade 1 locks are the highest in terms of security and durability, designed for high-traffic commercial or residential applications. These locks are tested to the most stringent standards:

• Cycle Test: 800,000 cycles
• Vertical Load: 360 pounds
• Torque Test (Locked):
  • Knob: 300 pounds per foot
  • Lever: 700 pounds per foot
• Impact: 2 blows at 60, 90, or 120 pounds
• Latch Bolt Strength: 1,200 pounds

The Ultimate Guide to Lock Grading

Understanding the grading system can be a game-changer when choosing a lock for your door. The different grades tell you how much force a lock can withstand and how durable it is over time. Whether you need a lock for a residential door or a commercial building, knowing the grading system will help you make a more informed choice. The Ultimate Guide to Lock Grading provides clear distinctions between the various lock grades, so you can choose the right lock for your needs.

Are Electronic Door Locks Graded?

When electronic locks, also known as smart locks, first entered the market, many were not graded. These locks were often made from lower-quality materials, which made them unsuitable for exposure to the elements. However, in recent years, most electronic entry locks have been graded, with many Grade 1 electronic locks now available. These locks incorporate advanced features such as Wi-Fi, touchpads, and Bluetooth technology, providing both security and convenience.

The Ultimate Guide to Lock Grading

For homeowners considering upgrading their entryway locks, it’s important to be aware of the available grades. The Ultimate Guide to Lock Grading offers an in-depth look at what each grade means, helping you choose a lock that matches your security needs. Whether you’re upgrading your home’s security or ensuring a safe environment for your business, understanding lock grading is essential.

Do You Need to Upgrade Your Locks?

In most cases, a Grade 3 lock is sufficient for residential entryways. However, if you seek additional peace of mind or are unsure whether your lock is graded, upgrading to a more secure option, such as a Grade 2 or Grade 1 lock, may be a wise decision. With more stylish and high-tech Grade 1 and Grade 2 locks now available, many homeowners are enhancing their door security to the highest standards. If you have the budget for it and prioritize security, upgrading your door locks is a great investment for both protection and peace of mind.

The Ultimate Guide to Lock Grading serves as a helpful resource when deciding which lock is right for your home or business. Whether you opt for Grade 1 for maximum security or a Grade 2 for heavy-duty residential use, this guide will help you make the best choice for your needs.